Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare but serious; often occurs in young adults and athletes following trauma or overexertion.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Fractures, crush injuries, burns, overly tight bandaging, or prolonged vigorous exercise.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Favorable with prompt treatment; delayed treatment may lead to permanent nerve or muscle damage, requiring further surgeries or even amputation in severe cases.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Permanent muscle or nerve damage, chronic pain, limb deformity, or loss of limb function.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Cardiac tamponade occurs in approximately 2-4% of trauma patients, particularly those with blunt or penetrating chest trauma.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma (especially penetrating injuries like stab wounds or gunshot wounds), heart surgery, cancer, or infections (e.g., pericarditis).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With rapid intervention, the prognosis is generally good, but delayed treatment can lead to death from circulatory collapse.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Complications include cardiac arrest, shock, or persistent heart failure if untreated.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Hemothorax is a common consequence of trauma, particularly in motor vehicle accidents, with an estimated incidence of 20-30% in trauma patients with chest injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma (especially blunt or penetrating chest trauma), fractures of the ribs or sternum, high-impact accidents (e.g., motor vehicle crashes), or complications from anticoagulant medications.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With prompt treatment, the prognosis for hemothorax is generally good. However, delayed treatment or significant blood loss can lead to complications such as shock, infection, or impaired lung function.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Possible complications include infection (empyema), lung collapse, and difficulty in managing significant blood loss or shock. Chronic pleural effusion may occur if the blood does not fully resolve.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Non-penetrating blunt trauma is common and represents a significant portion of emergency room visits. It’s more frequent in high-risk populations like drivers, athletes, and individuals with a history of falls.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Involvement in high-risk activities (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, contact sports, high falls). Age (older adults have a higher risk of falls and fractures). Alcohol or drug use (increases risk of falls or aggressive behavior leading to assault). Lack of protective equipment (e.g., seatbelts, helmets).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally good for minor injuries with appropriate treatment. Severe injuries (like broken bones, internal injuries, or head trauma) may have long-term effects, requiring ongoing care and rehabilitation. Full recovery is possible for most injuries, though severe cases may result in permanent disability or chronic pain.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hemorrhage or internal bleeding. Infection (especially in open fractures or wounds). Nerve damage, leading to loss of sensation or mobility. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in cases involving assault or severe accidents. Long-term pain or stiffness from fractures or ligament damage.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
The prevalence of blast injuries varies depending on the region, with higher rates in war zones and areas affected by terrorism or military conflicts. Blast injuries are common in military personnel, emergency responders, and civilians in conflict areas.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Exposure to military combat, terrorist attacks, industrial accidents involving explosives, or proximity to explosive devices during natural disasters or civil unrest.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis depends on the severity of the injuries, including organ damage and psychological trauma. Many survivors experience long-term disabilities, including loss of limb function, chronic pain, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Possible complications include infection, permanent disability (e.g., amputations, hearing loss, vision loss), psychological disorders (e.g., PTSD, depression), and chronic pain syndromes. Severe blast injuries can also lead to multiple organ failure and death.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Approximately 2 million chemical exposures occur annually in the U.S.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Occupational exposure, lack of safety equipment, improper handling of chemicals.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Chemical exposures

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chemical exposures

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Concussions are common, especially in sports and high-risk activities. It is estimated that there are about 3 million concussions in the U.S. each year.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Participation in contact sports (e.g., football, hockey), history of prior concussions, age (children and adolescents are more vulnerable), lack of protective equipment.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Most people recover fully within a few weeks. However, some may experience persistent symptoms (post-concussion syndrome) that last for months.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
In rare cases, concussions can lead to long-term complications, such as post-concussion syndrome (persistent symptoms), second-impact syndrome (a potentially fatal condition where the brain swells after a second concussion before the first has healed), or chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which can result from repeated concussions.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Relatively rare, but represents 1-3% of all traumatic brain injuries (TBI). More common in young adults due to higher incidence of head trauma.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Head trauma, especially involving high-energy impacts (e.g., motor vehicle accidents, falls). Use of anticoagulants or antiplatelet drugs. Skull fractures, particularly temporal bone fractures.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With early diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis is generally good, though outcomes depend on the size of the hematoma and the timeliness of surgical intervention. Delayed treatment can result in neurological deficits or death due to brain herniation.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Brain herniation (due to increased ICP). Neurological deficits, including paralysis or cognitive impairment. Seizures. Infection at the surgical site or meningitis if untreated.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Occurs in about 6-7 cases per 100,000 people annually.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Family history of aneurysms. Hypertension. Smoking and alcohol use. Certain genetic conditions (e.g., polycystic kidney disease).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis varies based on severity, timing of intervention, and overall health of the individual. High mortality rate if untreated, but with early treatment, many individuals recover.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Vasospasm leading to delayed ischemic injury. Hydrocephalus. Seizures.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Linear skull fractures are common in head trauma incidents, especially in motor vehicle accidents, falls, or sports injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Risk factors include head trauma, especially in children and the elderly, high-impact sports participation, and accidents.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis is generally good if there is no underlying brain injury or complications. Most patients recover fully with appropriate treatment.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Potential complications include infection, bleeding, or brain injury, especially if the fracture is near critical areas like the sinuses or blood vessels.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Basilar skull fractures are relatively rare but are typically associated with high-velocity impacts such as car accidents, falls from great heights, or physical assaults.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Risk factors include severe head trauma, particularly in motor vehicle accidents or falls.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis can vary. If brainstem injury occurs, the outcome may be poor, with potential for long-term neurological deficits or death. However, with timely intervention, many patients recover without permanent impairment.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Complications may include infection (such as meningitis), cranial nerve damage, hearing loss, vision problems, or long-term cognitive and physical deficits.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Penetrating brain injuries, such as those caused by gunshot wounds, are less common than blunt trauma but are frequently seen in violence-prone regions, accounting for around 10% of traumatic brain injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Gunshot wounds, violent crime, war zones, and industrial accidents are significant risk factors.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis depends on the severity of the injury, the area of the brain affected, and the speed of medical intervention. Recovery may vary from complete recovery to permanent disability or death.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection (e.g., meningitis), hemorrhagic shock, cognitive deficits, paralysis, persistent seizures, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Zygomatic arch fractures are relatively common in facial trauma, particularly in accidents and sports injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy trauma, contact sports, physical altercations, or motor vehicle accidents.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With proper treatment, good functional and cosmetic outcomes are common.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Malunion, facial asymmetry, sensory disturbances, and limited jaw movement.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Le Fort fractures are rare but represent a significant portion of traumatic facial fractures.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from significant height, and violent trauma (e.g., assault).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With timely surgical intervention, most patients recover well; however, long-term complications can occur if the fracture is not properly treated.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection, malocclusion (teeth misalignment), difficulty with swallowing and speaking, and scarring.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Soft tissue injuries are very common, especially in trauma settings. They occur frequently in sports, accidents, falls, and violent incidents. Exact prevalence varies, but they account for a significant percentage of all injuries treated in emergency settings.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Participation in high-impact sports. Occupational hazards (e.g., construction work). Age (older adults are more prone to falls). Poor physical conditioning or muscle weakness. Lack of protective gear in sports or activities.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis for soft tissue injuries is generally good with appropriate treatment. Most lacerations and contusions heal within a few weeks, though recovery time may vary based on the severity of the injury. Some individuals may experience lingering pain or stiffness.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection, especially if the wound is not properly cleaned or treated. Chronic pain or stiffness. Scarring or disfigurement from lacerations. Hematoma formation. Limited range of motion if the injury involves joints or muscles. In rare cases, compartment syndrome (especially after severe contusions or crush injuries).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Tooth fractures are common, especially in children and adolescents, with around 15-20% of dental injuries involving fractures. The risk increases with participation in high-risk activities like sports.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma from falls or accidents, biting hard objects, or tooth decay leading to weakened tooth structure. Lack of protective measures such as mouthguards increases the risk.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis depends on the severity of the fracture and how promptly treatment is received. Minor fractures generally have a good prognosis with appropriate restorative care.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
If not treated properly, complications may include infection, pulp necrosis (death of the tooth pulp), and permanent damage to the tooth structure.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Whiplash injury is common, with an estimated 2-3 million cases annually in the United States, mostly due to rear-end car collisions.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-speed collisions, being in a rear-seated position during a crash, older age, and previous neck injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Most people recover within a few weeks to months, but some experience chronic pain or long-term neck problems.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic neck pain, headaches, dizziness, and, in some cases, post-concussion syndrome or nerve damage.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Tracheal rupture is uncommon but can be seen in high-impact trauma, particularly from car accidents or blunt force trauma.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Blunt or penetrating neck trauma, such as car accidents, falls, or violent assaults.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis is generally favorable if treated promptly with surgery and appropriate airway management; however, it can be fatal without intervention.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Airway obstruction, infection, scarring, and long-term respiratory issues.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Approximately 12,000 to 15,000 new cases per year in the United States; the global incidence is around 250,000 to 500,000 people living with spinal cord injury.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-risk activities (e.g., sports, motor vehicle accidents), falls, violence (e.g., gunshots), and conditions like osteoarthritis or osteoporosis that affect spinal integrity.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis varies based on injury level and severity. Complete paralysis typically results in permanent disability with no recovery of motor or sensory function below the injury site. However, there may be potential for some recovery in the first months.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Complications can include pressure ulcers, urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, blood clots, chronic pain, spasticity, and autonomic dysreflexia (a sudden increase in blood pressure).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Neurogenic shock occurs in about 30% of spinal cord injury cases, particularly those involving injuries at or above the T6 level of the spine.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Risk factors include spinal cord injury, particularly at high levels (e.g., cervical or upper thoracic injuries) where autonomic regulation is disrupted.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
If treated promptly, the prognosis is generally favorable, with recovery of normal blood pressure and heart rate. However, if left untreated, neurogenic shock can be life-threatening.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Complications include organ failure, arrhythmias, and in severe cases, death due to inadequate circulation or respiratory failure.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Thoracic fractures make up about 35% of all spinal fractures and are common in older adults and trauma patients.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact injuries (e.g., car accidents, falls), osteoporosis, metastatic cancers, and high-energy sports injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis varies with the severity of the fracture. Simple fractures heal well with treatment, but severe injuries with spinal cord involvement may lead to paralysis or chronic pain.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Spinal cord damage, paralysis (paraplegia), chronic pain, kyphosis (hunchback), and long-term disability.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Vertebral compression fractures are common, especially in older adults, and affect an estimated 700,000 people in the U.S. each year, most of whom have osteoporosis.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Major risk factors include age (especially postmenopausal women), osteoporosis, corticosteroid use, and a history of fractures. Low body weight and lack of physical activity also contribute.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis depends on the severity of the fracture and the overall health of the patient. While many individuals recover with appropriate treatment, some may experience chronic pain or permanent deformity, such as a hunchback (kyphosis).

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Possible complications include nerve compression, chronic back pain, decreased mobility, and further fractures due to continued bone weakness.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common across all age groups, especially among athletes; sprains affect over 2 million people annually in the U.S. alone.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Sports participation, poor conditioning, inadequate warm-up, and previous injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Most sprains and strains heal completely with appropriate treatment within days to weeks; severe cases may take several months.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic instability, joint stiffness, reduced mobility, and recurrence of injury.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare but occurs in approximately 5-8% of patients with significant blunt chest trauma.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy trauma (motor vehicle accidents, falls from height), osteoporosis, or preexisting rib deformities.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With timely treatment, most cases have a good prognosis. Severe cases with associated complications can be life-threatening and may require prolonged hospitalization.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Respiratory failure, pneumonia, pneumothorax, hemothorax, and long-term chest wall deformity.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Pneumothorax is relatively common, particularly among young, tall men (especially in their 20s). The estimated annual incidence is about 18-28 cases per 100,000 people.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma to the chest, underlying lung conditions such as COPD or asthma, smoking, and a family history of pneumothorax.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis for pneumothorax is generally good, particularly if diagnosed early and treated properly. Recurrence is possible, especially in individuals with underlying lung disease.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Potential complications include re-expansion pulmonary edema (fluid in the lung), infection, tension pneumothorax (a life-threatening condition), and recurrence of pneumothorax.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare; occurs in approximately 5-7% of patients with significant blunt trauma to the chest or abdomen, and in a higher proportion of penetrating trauma cases.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy blunt trauma (e.g., motor vehicle collisions, falls from a height), penetrating injuries to the chest or abdomen, prior surgical or congenital diaphragmatic defects.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with timely surgical intervention. Delayed diagnosis can increase morbidity and mortality due to complications like strangulation of herniated organs or respiratory compromise.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Respiratory distress, herniation and strangulation of abdominal organs, infection, sepsis, multi-organ failure, recurrence of the rupture if not properly repaired.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Occurs in approximately 25-30% of blunt abdominal trauma cases, making it the most commonly injured organ.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Blunt abdominal trauma from vehicle collisions, falls, or contact sports.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good in stable cases with non-operative management; splenectomy patients have an increased lifelong risk of infections (overwhelming post-splenectomy infection, OPSI).

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hemorrhagic shock, infection, OPSI, abscess formation.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare, occurring in less than 5% of blunt abdominal trauma cases.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Blunt force trauma from vehicle collisions, bicycle handlebars, or direct abdominal impacts.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Variable; minor injuries have good outcomes, but severe injuries can result in significant morbidity.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Pancreatic fistula, abscess formation, pseudocyst, diabetes mellitus, sepsis.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare but associated with significant blunt trauma (e.g., motor vehicle accidents) or extreme gastric distension (e.g., binge eating with vomiting).

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Blunt abdominal trauma, excessive gastric distension, gastric ulcers, ingestion of corrosive substances, or prior gastric surgeries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With prompt surgical treatment, survival is high; delays increase risk of sepsis and death.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Peritonitis, sepsis, hemorrhage, abscess formation, and multi-organ failure.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common in cases of violent assaults or accidents, with variations depending on geographic and social contexts.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-crime areas, carrying weapons, engaging in high-risk activities or disputes.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Dependent on the extent of the injury and timeliness of medical intervention; recovery is good if injuries are limited to superficial tissues.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hemorrhage, infection (peritonitis or abscess), organ damage (e.g., liver, spleen, bowel), shock, and death if untreated.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare; typically occurs in high-impact trauma scenarios such as motor vehicle accidents or falls from significant heights.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy trauma, osteoporosis, advanced age, motor vehicle collisions, or significant falls.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Variable depending on severity; with proper treatment, survival rates are high, though long-term complications such as chronic pain or mobility issues can occur.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hemorrhage, organ damage (e.g., bladder or urethra injury), infection, deep vein thrombosis, chronic pelvic instability, and post-traumatic arthritis.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Urethral and bladder injuries are relatively rare but can occur in about 10-15% of pelvic fractures. Males are more commonly affected due to anatomical differences.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-risk activities such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, sports injuries, and certain surgical procedures. Men are at higher risk due to their longer urethra, and individuals with pelvic fractures are more likely to sustain these injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With prompt and appropriate treatment, most individuals recover with minimal long-term complications. However, delayed treatment can lead to chronic incontinence, erectile dysfunction, or urinary tract infections.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Long-term complications can include erectile dysfunction, chronic pain, urinary incontinence, bladder dysfunction, infections, and in severe cases, renal failure due to obstruction or infection.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Accounts for approximately 50% of all major joint dislocations, with anterior dislocations being the most common.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Contact sports, previous shoulder dislocations, joint hypermobility, and high-energy trauma.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with appropriate treatment, but recurrence rates are high in young, active individuals.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Recurrent dislocations, labral tears, axillary nerve injury, rotator cuff damage, and joint arthritis.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Accounts for approximately 3-5% of all fractures.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy trauma (e.g., car accidents), falls, osteoporosis, pathological fractures due to cancer or infections.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good in most cases with proper treatment; union typically occurs within 8-12 weeks.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Radial nerve palsy, malunion, nonunion, infection (if surgical treatment is used).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Elbow dislocations are the second most common large joint dislocation after shoulder dislocations.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Sports injuries, falls, and motor vehicle accidents.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally favorable with early reduction and rehabilitation; recovery occurs within 6-12 weeks.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Joint stiffness, ligament damage, recurrent dislocations, vascular or nerve injuries, arthritis in chronic cases.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common in older adults, especially postmenopausal women with osteoporosis, accounting for up to 20% of all fractures in this demographic.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Advanced age, osteoporosis, and previous wrist fractures. High-impact activities or falls. Weak bone density due to medical conditions or medication side effects.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally favorable with proper treatment, though mild stiffness or reduced wrist strength may persist. Early rehabilitation improves outcomes.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Malunion, leading to reduced range of motion. Nerve injuries, such as carpal tunnel syndrome. Persistent wrist pain or post-traumatic arthritis.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Scaphoid fractures are the most common type of carpal bone fracture, accounting for about 60% of all wrist fractures.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact trauma or falls, particularly in sports or work-related injuries. Young adults (especially those engaged in activities such as football, skiing, or cycling).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good prognosis with appropriate treatment; however, there is a risk of nonunion (failure to heal) due to poor blood supply to the scaphoid.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Nonunion or delayed union of the fracture. Osteoarthritis due to joint instability if not treated properly. Avascular necrosis (death of bone tissue due to lack of blood supply).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Boxer’s fractures are common in individuals who engage in fistfights, particularly in men aged 18-30.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Engaging in fistfights or activities involving high-risk hand trauma. Alcohol intoxication during trauma events. Lack of protective hand gear during activities.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Most metacarpal fractures heal well with appropriate treatment, and hand function is often fully restored, though some cases may require rehabilitation to regain full motion.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Potential complications include nonunion or malunion of the bone, stiffness, loss of motion, or arthritis in the affected joint.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Tendon lacerations are more common in individuals who work in environments with high risks of sharp objects, as well as in people involved in sports or accidents.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Occupational risk factors (e.g., working with knives, machinery, or in construction). Trauma or cutting accidents. Poor protective measures (e.g., not wearing gloves in hazardous environments).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Surgical repair generally results in good recovery, though full functionality may take time to return. Complications can delay recovery.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Potential complications include infection, tendon rupture, scar tissue formation, and long-term loss of finger function or flexibility.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Relatively uncommon but serious, typically affecting individuals in motor vehicle accidents or those with high-energy trauma.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact trauma, motor vehicle accidents, sports injuries, osteoporosis, and other bone disorders.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally good with proper surgical intervention and rehabilitation, though recovery can take several months.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection or delayed healing following surgery. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE). Chronic pain or limited range of motion. Nonunion or malunion of the fracture.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Relatively uncommon; accounts for approximately 1% of all skeletal injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact sports, falls, motor vehicle accidents, osteoporosis, or other bone-weakening conditions.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with appropriate treatment; most individuals regain full knee function, though some may experience stiffness or residual pain.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic knee pain, stiffness, arthritis, or malunion/nonunion of the fracture.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common injury, particularly in athletes and older adults; approximately 500,000 meniscus surgeries are performed annually in the U.S.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact sports, previous knee injuries, aging, or activities requiring frequent pivoting or twisting motions.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally good with appropriate treatment; recovery time ranges from a few weeks for minor tears to several months for surgical cases.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic pain, stiffness, arthritis, or incomplete recovery of knee function.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common among athletes and individuals involved in high-impact activities; tibial fractures are the most frequently fractured long bones in the body.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Participation in contact sports, osteoporosis, motor vehicle accidents, falls from height.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good prognosis with appropriate treatment, though recovery may take several months. Complicated fractures may require longer healing and physical therapy.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection in open fractures, delayed bone healing, compartment syndrome, nerve or blood vessel damage, post-traumatic arthritis.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common in all age groups but particularly in individuals with a high risk of falls or sports injuries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Osteoporosis, high-impact activities, motor vehicle accidents, previous ankle injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Typically good with proper surgical treatment and rehabilitation, but recovery may take several months.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Post-traumatic arthritis, stiffness, nerve or blood vessel injury, delayed healing.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common; accounts for approximately 35% of foot injuries seen in emergency departments.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-impact sports, repetitive stress, osteoporosis, improper footwear, direct trauma.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally good with proper treatment; healing time ranges from 6 to 12 weeks. Some cases may require longer rehabilitation.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Delayed healing, malunion, chronic pain, and in rare cases, avascular necrosis (particularly of the fifth metatarsal).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common, accounting for approximately 9% of all foot injuries seen in emergency departments.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma, high-impact sports, osteoporosis, improper footwear.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Excellent in most cases, with healing typically within 4 to 6 weeks. Severe fractures may require longer recovery.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Malunion, chronic pain, stiffness, and in rare cases, deformity.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Fairly common, particularly in industrial or sports settings. Tendon injuries account for about 30% of hand injuries requiring medical attention.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Occupational hazards, participation in contact sports, repetitive strain, and accidental trauma.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Varies; successful recovery often depends on early intervention. Tendon injuries may recover fully in 6-12 weeks with proper treatment, while nerve injuries may take months to years depending on severity.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic pain, loss of function or strength, infection, scar tissue formation, and permanent nerve or tendon damage in severe cases.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Occurs in 26,000 cases per year in the U.S.; common causes include trauma, overexertion, and drug toxicity.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Trauma, crush injuries, prolonged immobility, intense exercise, dehydration, statin use, and drug or alcohol abuse.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with early treatment; delayed intervention may lead to acute kidney injury or death.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Acute kidney injury, electrolyte imbalances, compartment syndrome, cardiac arrhythmias, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
First-degree burns are the most common type of burn injury, particularly in everyday accidents such as sunburns.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Prolonged sun exposure, contact with hot surfaces or liquids, exposure to chemicals or flames.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Heals within 3 to 5 days with no scarring, although temporary redness and discomfort may persist.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Rare, but can include infection if the skin becomes broken or if proper wound care is not followed.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Third-degree burns are less common but are extremely serious when they do occur, often resulting from serious accidents or large-scale fires.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-energy accidents, fire, electrical burns, chemical exposures, or contact with hot objects or liquids for prolonged periods.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Significant scarring and potential functional impairment. Long-term rehabilitation may be required, and recovery can take months to years. Mortality rates can be high if large areas are affected.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection, sepsis, organ failure, and shock. Severe scarring and contractures can limit mobility, and psychological trauma such as PTSD may occur due to the severity of the injury.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Chemical burns are not as common as thermal burns but are still significant in certain industries like manufacturing and laboratories.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Exposure to hazardous chemicals in industrial settings, poor safety practices, improper storage, and handling of chemicals.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis depends on the severity of exposure; prompt treatment leads to better outcomes, while severe burns can result in permanent scarring or organ damage.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection, scarring, loss of function, organ damage (especially if inhaled), and in some cases, long-term disability.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
This type of injury is relatively rare but can occur in traumatic accidents or natural disasters. Approximately 2 million Americans live with limb loss, with traumatic amputations accounting for a significant proportion.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High-risk occupations (e.g., construction, military). Traffic accidents. Exposure to explosions or industrial machinery. Severe burns.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis depends on the extent of the amputation, the speed of treatment, and the success of replantation if attempted. Individuals may require long-term rehabilitation.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Infection at the amputation site. Phantom limb pain. Psychological distress (e.g., depression, anxiety). Complications from replantation (e.g., graft rejection, insufficient blood supply). Permanent disability or loss of function depending on the location and severity of the amputation.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Greenstick fractures are relatively common in children, with a higher incidence in those aged 5-10 due to the flexibility of their bones.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
High activity levels, sports injuries, and falls; more common in children with brittle bone conditions like osteogenesis imperfecta.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Generally excellent, with full recovery expected in most cases after 4-6 weeks, though there may be some lingering discomfort.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Possible complications include improper healing or bone malalignment, which may require additional treatment or surgery.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Approximately 1 in 4 children will experience some form of abuse before the age of 18, and it is responsible for a significant proportion of pediatric injury hospitalizations.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Factors such as domestic violence, substance abuse, mental illness in caregivers, and poverty increase the risk of non-accidental trauma.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
The prognosis varies depending on the severity of the injuries and the timing of intervention. Immediate medical and psychological support can improve long-term outcomes.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Long-term physical and psychological consequences such as developmental delays, emotional trauma, and physical disabilities are possible. In extreme cases, abuse can lead to death.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
It is a medical emergency that can occur in any age group. The exact prevalence varies based on the population and the underlying causes, but it is commonly seen in trauma patients.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Major trauma (e.g., accidents, burns), gastrointestinal bleeding, surgery, dehydration, severe burns, and certain medical conditions like aneurysms or ruptured organs.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Prognosis depends on the cause, timing of treatment, and overall health of the patient. Early intervention with fluid resuscitation significantly improves outcomes.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Organ failure (kidneys, liver), electrolyte imbalances, acidosis, and, if untreated, death due to shock.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
PTSD affects approximately 7-8% of the population at some point in their lives. It is more common in people who have experienced combat, sexual assault, or other life-threatening situations.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Factors that increase the risk include a history of trauma, pre-existing mental health conditions, family history of PTSD or mental illness, and lack of social support after the traumatic event.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
PTSD can be effectively managed with treatment, though some individuals may experience long-term symptoms. The prognosis varies based on the severity of symptoms, the individual's support system, and access to care.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Untreated PTSD can lead to complications such as depression, substance abuse, self-harm, relationship difficulties, and an increased risk of suicidal behavior.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Post-injury functional limitations are common after significant injuries, especially in older adults and those with traumatic injuries or fractures. It affects a wide range of people, but exact prevalence varies based on the type of injury and age group.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Severity of injury, age, pre-existing conditions (e.g., arthritis, osteoporosis), and the nature of the trauma (e.g., falls, motor vehicle accidents).

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With proper treatment and rehabilitation, many individuals recover function over time, though some may experience chronic limitations or pain.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic pain, loss of mobility, muscle atrophy, joint stiffness, and potential psychological impacts like depression or anxiety due to decreased quality of life.