Background

Condition Lookup

Sub-Category:

Disc Disorders

Number of Conditions: 1

Herniated intervertebral disc

Specialty: Trauma and Injuries

Category: Spinal and Back Injuries

Sub-category: Disc Disorders

Symptoms:
localized back pain; radiating pain (sciatica) down the legs; numbness or tingling in extremities; muscle weakness; difficulty with movement or coordination

Root Cause:
A tear in the outer layer of the intervertebral disc allows the inner gel-like material to protrude, compressing nearby nerves or the spinal cord.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Diagnosed with clinical examination and imaging (MRI or CT).

Treatment:
Treated with physical therapy, pain management, and, in severe cases, surgical intervention like discectomy.

Medications:
NSAIDs for pain and inflammation, muscle relaxants (e.g., cyclobenzaprine ), and corticosteroid injections to reduce nerve irritation.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects 1-2% of the population annually, most common in adults aged 30-50.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Aging, heavy lifting, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Most cases resolve with conservative treatment within 6-8 weeks; surgery has a high success rate for relieving symptoms in severe cases.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic pain, permanent nerve damage, loss of bladder or bowel control (cauda equina syndrome), and disability if left untreated.