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Sub-Category:

Respiratory Disorders

Number of Conditions: 1

Breathing-Related Sleep Disorder (BRSD)

Specialty: Mental Health and Psychology

Category: Sleep-Related Disorders

Sub-category: Respiratory Disorders

Symptoms:
loud snoring; gasping or choking during sleep; daytime fatigue; morning headaches; difficulty concentrating

Root Cause:
Obstruction of upper airways (e.g., obstructive sleep apnea) or reduced respiratory drive (e.g., central sleep apnea).

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Sleep studies (polysomnography), evaluating oxygen levels, breathing patterns, and sleep stages.

Treatment:
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machines, lifestyle changes (weight loss), and positional therapy.

Medications:
Modafinil or armodafinil (stimulants to reduce daytime fatigue); acetazolamide for central sleep apnea.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects approximately 3–7% of adult males and 2–5% of adult females; prevalence increases with age and obesity.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Obesity, large neck circumference, male gender, alcohol consumption, and family history of sleep disorders.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Treatable, though untreated cases increase the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hypertension, heart disease, stroke, and cognitive impairments.