Background

Condition Lookup

Number of Conditions: 3

Oral Symptoms of HIV/AIDS

Specialty: Dental and Oral Health

Category: Other Oral Health Conditions

Sub-category: Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

Symptoms:
oral candidiasis (thrush); oral hairy leukoplakia; recurrent mouth ulcers; periodontal disease; kaposi's sarcoma

Root Cause:
Immune suppression allows opportunistic infections and malignancies to manifest in the oral cavity.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Clinical examination, oral swab cultures, and blood tests for HIV.

Treatment:
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, antifungals for candidiasis, and specific treatment for other infections or lesions.

Medications:
Antifungal agents (e.g., fluconazole ), antiviral agents (e.g., acyclovir for herpes), antiretrovirals for systemic control.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Oral manifestations occur in 30-50% of people with HIV/AIDS.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Advanced HIV infection, poor oral hygiene, smoking, and co-infections.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Improved with effective ART; untreated infections can cause significant morbidity.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Oral pain, difficulty eating, systemic infections, and malignancies.

Oral Symptoms of Crohn’s Disease

Specialty: Dental and Oral Health

Category: Other Oral Health Conditions

Sub-category: Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

Symptoms:
swollen lips; cobblestone appearance of the oral mucosa; deep linear ulcers; angular cheilitis

Root Cause:
Inflammatory autoimmune condition affecting the gastrointestinal tract, with secondary effects in the oral cavity.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Clinical examination, biopsy of lesions, and correlation with gastrointestinal symptoms.

Treatment:
Management of Crohn’s disease (immunosuppressants, corticosteroids), topical treatments for oral lesions.

Medications:
Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisone ), immunomodulators (e.g., azathioprine ), biologics (e.g., infliximab ).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects approximately 10% of Crohn’s disease patients.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Crohn's disease, smoking, and genetic predisposition.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Oral symptoms improve with effective systemic treatment; chronic inflammation can persist if untreated.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic oral pain, difficulty eating, and secondary infections.

Oral Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Specialty: Dental and Oral Health

Category: Other Oral Health Conditions

Sub-category: Oral Manifestations of Systemic Diseases

Symptoms:
painful mouth ulcers; dry mouth (xerostomia); red or white patches in the oral mucosa

Root Cause:
Autoimmune attack on tissues, leading to inflammation and damage in the oral cavity.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Clinical examination, biopsy of lesions, and correlation with systemic SLE symptoms and lab markers.

Treatment:
Immunosuppressants and anti-inflammatory drugs to control SLE, topical treatments for oral ulcers.

Medications:
Corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine (antimalarial for SLE), and topical analgesics (e.g., lidocaine ) for ulcers.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects 30-50% of SLE patients.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Systemic lupus erythematosus, smoking, poor oral hygiene.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Oral symptoms can improve with effective management of SLE; severe flares may worsen lesions.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Chronic pain, secondary infections, and reduced quality of life.