Condition Lookup
Sub-Category:
Enteric Infections
Number of Conditions: 2
Typhoid Fever
Specialty: Infectious Diseases
Category: Bacterial Infections
Sub-category: Enteric Infections
Symptoms:
high fever; abdominal pain; diarrhea or constipation; headache; rash (rose spots); fatigue
Root Cause:
Caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, transmitted via contaminated food or water; bacteria invade intestinal lining and bloodstream.
How it's Diagnosed: videos
Blood, stool, or urine cultures; Widal test; PCR testing.
Treatment:
Antibiotics like ceftriaxone, azithromycin, or ciprofloxacin; hydration therapy.
Medications:
Ceftriaxone (third-generation cephalosporin, bactericidal); azithromycin (macrolide antibiotic); ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone class).
Prevalence:
How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Endemic in regions with poor sanitation, especially South Asia, with millions of cases annually.
Risk Factors:
Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Ingesting contaminated food or water, poor sanitation, traveling to endemic areas.
Prognosis:
The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with prompt antibiotic treatment; untreated cases have high mortality rates.
Complications:
Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Intestinal perforation, sepsis, or chronic carrier state.
Yersinia Enterocolitica Infection
Specialty: Infectious Diseases
Category: Bacterial Infections
Sub-category: Enteric Infections
Symptoms:
diarrhea (sometimes bloody); abdominal pain mimicking appendicitis; fever; joint pain (reactive arthritis in some cases)
Root Cause:
Caused by Yersinia enterocolitica, often from contaminated pork, water, or dairy products.
How it's Diagnosed: videos
Stool culture, PCR, or serology.
Treatment:
Supportive care; antibiotics like ciprofloxacin or doxycycline for severe cases.
Medications:
Ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone class); doxycycline (tetracycline class); TMP-SMX (trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, combination antibiotic).
Prevalence:
How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common in temperate climates, particularly among children; outbreaks are sporadic.
Risk Factors:
Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Consuming undercooked pork, contact with infected animals, poor hygiene.
Prognosis:
The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with treatment; self-limiting in most cases.
Complications:
Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Reactive arthritis, erythema nodosum, or septicemia in immunocompromised individuals.