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Sub-Category:

Critical Illnesses

Number of Conditions: 1

Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Sepsis (MODS)

Specialty: Infectious Diseases

Category: Systemic Syndromes

Sub-category: Critical Illnesses

Symptoms:
fever or hypothermia; rapid heart rate; low blood pressure; altered mental status; respiratory failure; kidney dysfunction; liver dysfunction

Root Cause:
Results from a dysregulated immune response to infection, leading to systemic inflammation, organ ischemia, and failure.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Clinical criteria, laboratory tests showing organ dysfunction (e.g., elevated creatinine, bilirubin, lactate), and imaging for underlying infection.

Treatment:
Prompt treatment of the underlying infection, organ support (e.g., mechanical ventilation, dialysis), and management of sepsis.

Medications:
Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as piperacillin-tazobactam or meropenem initially; later adjusted based on culture results. Vasopressors like norepinephrine for septic shock.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Common in intensive care units (ICUs) among patients with severe sepsis; mortality rates range from 30% to 50%.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Severe infections, immunosuppression, advanced age, and comorbidities like diabetes or cancer.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Poor without aggressive treatment; prognosis depends on the number of organs involved and timeliness of intervention.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Multi-organ failure, prolonged ICU stay, secondary infections, and death.