Condition Lookup
Category:
Neurological Movement Disorders
Number of Conditions: 1
Tardive Dystonia
Specialty: Mental Health and Psychology
Category: Neurological Movement Disorders
Symptoms:
sustained or intermittent muscle contractions; abnormal postures; tremors; spasms
Root Cause:
Long-term use of dopamine receptor-blocking agents (antipsychotics) leading to altered basal ganglia function.
How it's Diagnosed: videos
Based on clinical history and examination, focusing on medication use and ruling out other causes of dystonia.
Treatment:
Discontinuing or switching offending medications, use of muscle relaxants, or botulinum toxin injections.
Medications:
Anticholinergics (e.g., trihexyphenidyl ), GABA agonists (e.g., clonazepam ), or VMAT2 inhibitors (e.g., tetrabenazine ).
Prevalence:
How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects 1-4% of individuals on long-term antipsychotics.
Risk Factors:
Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Prolonged antipsychotic use, older age, and female gender.
Prognosis:
The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Symptoms may persist even after discontinuation of the causative medication; treatment focuses on symptom management.
Complications:
Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Permanent motor impairment, social stigma, and reduced quality of life.