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Sub-Category:

Strabismus (Crossed Eyes)

Specialty: Pediatrics

Sub-category: Eye and Vision Disorders

Symptoms:
misalignment of the eyes; double vision; head tilting; difficulty focusing; loss of depth perception

Root Cause:
Strabismus is caused by an imbalance in the muscles controlling eye movement, improper nerve signals, or conditions affecting the brain's ability to coordinate the eyes.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Comprehensive eye exam, cover-uncover test, corneal light reflex test, and evaluation of binocular vision. Neurological assessments may also be conducted if underlying neurological issues are suspected.

Treatment:
Includes prescription glasses, prism lenses, vision therapy, eye muscle surgery to correct alignment, and botulinum toxin (Botox) injections in some cases.

Medications:
Botulinum toxin type A (Botox), a neuromuscular blocking agent, can temporarily weaken overactive eye muscles to improve alignment.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects approximately 2-4% of children and can also occur in adults due to trauma or other medical conditions.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Family history of strabismus, premature birth, low birth weight, neurological disorders, uncorrected refractive errors, or eye injuries.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
With early treatment, eye alignment can be improved, and normal binocular vision may develop. Untreated cases can lead to amblyopia and long-term visual deficits.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Amblyopia, permanent misalignment, double vision, and psychosocial challenges due to appearance-related concerns.