Background

Condition Lookup

Number of Conditions: 1

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

Specialty: Hematology

Category: Thrombotic Microangiopathies

Symptoms:
fever; confusion or neurological symptoms; microangiopathic hemolytic anemia; thrombocytopenia; renal impairment; purpura or bruising

Root Cause:
Deficiency or inhibition of ADAMTS13 enzyme leading to abnormal clotting and red blood cell destruction in small blood vessels.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Blood tests (CBC, peripheral smear showing schistocytes, LDH, haptoglobin), ADAMTS13 activity assay, and ruling out other causes.

Treatment:
Plasma exchange (plasmapheresis), corticosteroids, rituximab (for refractory cases).

Medications:
Corticosteroids (immunosuppressive), rituximab (monoclonal antibody), caplacizumab (anti-vWF monoclonal antibody).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Rare, approximately 2-6 cases per million annually.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Autoimmune disorders, HIV, certain medications, pregnancy.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Potentially life-threatening without treatment; survival improves significantly with plasma exchange.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Stroke, organ damage, recurrence.