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Category:

Immune System Disorders

Number of Conditions: 1

AIDS-Related Lymphomas

Specialty: Hematology

Symptoms:
swollen lymph nodes; night sweats; fever; weight loss; fatigue; abdominal pain; chest pain or shortness of breath

Root Cause:
Immunosuppression from HIV/AIDS leading to the proliferation of malignant lymphocytes, often associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Lymph node biopsy, imaging (CT, PET), blood tests, HIV viral load, and EBV testing.

Treatment:
Combination chemotherapy (e.g., CHOP regimen), antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV, and targeted therapies (e.g., rituximab).

Medications:
Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody), doxorubicin (anthracycline), vincristine , and prednisone (corticosteroid).

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Increased risk in people with untreated HIV/AIDS; accounts for 3–5% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Advanced HIV, low CD4 counts, and co-infection with EBV.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Highly variable depending on HIV control and lymphoma type; overall 5-year survival ~30–50%.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Opportunistic infections, relapse, and progression to other AIDS-defining illnesses.