Background

Condition Lookup

Number of Conditions: 1

Cholesteatoma

Specialty: Ear

Category: Chronic Ear Conditions

Sub-category: Infections and Growths

Symptoms:
persistent ear drainage (otorrhea); hearing loss; ear fullness; foul-smelling discharge; dizziness; ear pain in severe cases

Root Cause:
Abnormal growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear or mastoid due to chronic infections or Eustachian tube dysfunction.

How it's Diagnosed: videos
Otoscopic examination, CT scan to evaluate the extent of bone destruction, and audiometry to assess hearing loss.

Treatment:
Surgical removal of the cholesteatoma through tympanomastoidectomy; medical management of infection with antibiotics if needed.

Medications:
Antibiotic ear drops (e.g., ciprofloxacin ) for infection control; systemic antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin-clavulanate) for more extensive infections.

Prevalence: How common the health condition is within a specific population.
Affects approximately 9–12 per 100,000 annually in developed countries.

Risk Factors: Factors or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
Chronic otitis media, Eustachian tube dysfunction, cleft palate, and previous ear surgery.

Prognosis: The expected outcome or course of the condition over time.
Good with timely surgical intervention, but recurrence is possible.

Complications: Additional problems or conditions that may arise as a result of the original condition.
Hearing loss, facial nerve paralysis, intracranial infections (e.g., meningitis, brain abscess), and labyrinthitis.